Bradford Factor calculator

See how frequent short absences add up. The Bradford Factor gives more weight to many short spells than to one long one.

Number of absence spells

Separate occasions, usually in the last 52 weeks

Total days absent

Bradford Factor

Worth an informal check-in.

How the Bradford Factor works

Multiply the number of absence spells by itself, then multiply by the total days off. One 10-day absence scores 10. Ten 1-day absences score 1,000.

Use the score as a prompt for a supportive conversation, and always check the reasons behind the absence.

Turn absence chats into support plans

Track 1:1s, return-to-work notes and staff training in one place with Passport for Teams.

See Passport for Teams

Frequently asked questions

What is the Bradford Factor formula?

S x S x D, where S is the number of separate absence spells and D is the total days absent, usually over a rolling 52 weeks.

What is a bad Bradford Factor score?

There is no legal threshold. Organisations set their own trigger points. Common examples are 50 for an informal chat, 125 for a review and 400 or more for formal action.

Should disability or pregnancy absence be counted?

Be careful. Absence linked to disability, pregnancy or other protected reasons should be handled separately to avoid discrimination. Use the score as a prompt for a conversation, not an automatic decision.

These calculators give general guidance based on UK rules and are not legal advice. Check contracts and policies for your organisation.